Guidelines for Writing a Hard News Article

One of the first types of news writing that a journalist or freelance news writer learns is how to create a hard news article. Hard news articles are the bulk of the news stories that people read. When there is a story on local crime, the war, the economy or anything that requires a lot of facts chances are that the journalist will write the article using the hard news approach.

Hard news articles are different from those known as soft news because they do not play on people’s emotions and usually offer just the basic information on the topic of the article. While there will always be a slight bias when writing hard news does not rely upon opinions but sticks instead to the facts.

There are some general guidelines that writers can follow when trying to write up a hard news article. Here is a look at some of the guidelines that writers should follow.

Use the Inverted Pyramid. It is important to use the inverted pyramid setup when writing a hard news piece. The inverted pyramid allows writers to present the most important pieces of information first and slowly taper off into less important pieces of information.

Use A Nut Graph. A nut graph is an important piece that many hard news writers use. The nut graph will allow readers to have background information on the topic that they are reading about. This is important so that readers can understand what is going on in the story and why the story is important.

Research all Information. It is important in a hard news article that all resources and information be factually correct. Make sure that you research all information and statistics that you plan to use in your article.

Refrain from Using Quotes to Create a Lead. A hard news article must have a compelling lead to grab the reader’s attention. However, it is a good idea to avoid using quotes as this can often appear to be a soft news piece.

How the Inverted Pyramid Structure is Used for News Stories

While it might appear to the casual news article reader that there is no logic to the information that is presented there is. Many news writers who write news stories for the major newspapers use a strategy known as the inverted pyramid to present their news stories. Here is a look at the inverted pyramid writing structure.

Imagine a pyramid that is standing on its tip. That is structure that many news writers use. The idea of the inverted pyramid is that all the important information is available to the reader at the top of the article. The headlines, leads and first paragraphs all contain everything that they want to know. However, as the reader continues to read the article the information becomes less important, until the article ends.

Here is an example of a news story that would be structured and written in a style that uses the inverted pyramid.

There as a tragic double murder in the local apartment complex. A news writer that was using the inverted pyramid structure would start out the story with a headline that reads “Tragic Ending For Two Apartment Dwellers”. This headline grabs the attention of the readers and makes them want to start reading the news article.

The first sentence of the news story would read something like “Two residents living at the local apartment complex were murdered last Thursday. They were found dead by their neighbor”. Under the inverted pyramid structure this presents all the information that a reader could want to know about the news story. If the reader were to talk away from the article they would know all the important facts.

The rest of the article would focus on the murder but could talk about evidence that might have been found, suspects, who was involved or even an interview with the local police chief. While these facts have to deal with the story they are not as important to the reader or the story.